大学英语作文中常用的短语和句型包括：

开头句型

As far as … is concerned 就……而言

It goes without saying that… 不言而喻

It can be said with certainty that… 可以肯定地说

As the proverb says， 正如谚语所说的

It has to be noticed that… 它必须注意到

常用于引言段的句型

Some people think that … 有些人认为

To be frank, I cannot agree with their opinion for the reasons below. 坦率地说，我不能同意他们的意见，理由如下

用于句首提出问题或现象的句型

Nowadays, it is common to hear/see…… 如今，常见……

Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern 最近这种现象引起了广泛关注

Many nations have been faced with the problem 许多国家都面临着这个问题

用于阐述不同的观点的常用句型

Although more and more people come to believe..., there are still others who insist that... 虽然越来越多的人相信……，但仍有一些人坚持认为……

用于陈述个人观点/想法的常用句型

In my opinion, both sides are partly right in that... 在我看来，双方都有部分正确的地方

表示原因的句型

There are three reasons for this. 这有三个原因

The reasons for this are as follows. 原因如下

The reason for this is obvious. 原因很明显

表示结果的句型

No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet. 没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评

表示目的的句型

in order to 为了实现他的梦想，他学习非常努力

表示让步的句型

However, ... 然而……

表示习惯的句型

People（The majority） seem to get accustomed to the idea that... 大多数人似乎已经习惯了这样的想法

这些短语和句型可以帮助学生更有效地表达自己的观点和思想，使英语作文更加流畅和连贯。在写作时，可以根据具体情况选择合适的短语和句型来丰富文章的内容和表达。